The Use of Tenses in Time Clauses We use time clauses to provide information about events in the past, present and future. Example: Do you remember when you had your first interview? (the Past Simple) — Вы помните, когда у вас было первое интервью? Example: I hate it when there’s no one in the…
Abbreviations in English: i.e. and e.g. E.g. and i.e. are both Latin abbreviations we use in writing. E.g. [ˌiː ˈdʒiː] stands for “exempli gratia” and i.e. [ˌaɪ ˈiː] stands for “id est”. E.g. means “for example”, and is used when you want to list one or more examples. Example: The names of political parties are…
“Although” and “Though” Although and though both mean “хотя, несмотря на”. They introduce a subordinate clause, which needs a main clause to make it complete. Example: Everyone enjoyed the trip to the final although we lost the match. — Все были рады дойти до финала, хотя мы и проиграли матч. Example: Though it was rainy,…
“Due To”, “Because of” and “Because” Because of and due to are compound prepositions, usually followed by a noun object. We use them to give a reason for something. Example: The flight was delayed due to the storm. — Рейс был задержан из-за шторма. Example: Because of the hot weather we went to the pool.…
Adjective + that-clause We use to be + adjective + that-clause to express opinions and feelings. Some adjectives commonly used in this way are sure, certain, right, important, afraid, pleased, sorry, surprised, worried. We can omit “that” with no change in meaning. Example: It is important that we look at the problem in more detail.…
“As If” and “As Though” As if and as though are conjunctions that have similar meanings. They are followed by a clause — a group of words with a subject and a predicate. The structures as if/as though + a clause are used to describe something that is unreal. Example: He talked to Tom as…
“Shall” or “Should”? Shall and should seem similar, but they have slightly different meanings. Should expresses certainty or possibility. Example: It should be sunny tomorrow. — Завтра должно быть солнечно. We also use should to give advice or an opinion: Example: I think you should wear the white dress. — Я думаю, тебе…
The Present Perfect + Just, Yet and Already It is common to use the adverbs just, yet and already with the Present Perfect. They all can be translated into Russian as “уже”, but there’s a difference between them. Just is used to talk about things which happened very recently, and goes before the main verb:…
“Which” to Modify a Whole Sentence Which is used to modify a noun or a pronoun. Sometimes which can also refer not just to one word, but to the whole sentence. Using which to add extra information to the previous clause is common in speaking. Example: He showed me around the town, which was very…
The Difference Between “That” and “Which” That and which can be translated into Russian as “который” (-ая, -ое), but there is a difference between them. That defines the word we’re talking about and distinguishes it from others. It often means a unique, one and only object. We can’t take that away from the sentence without…